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This example showcases the modeling of a long heavy haul train through a dumper, which allows simulation of train longitudinal dynamics. This model can be used to optimize dumping strategies for trains through a typical dumper. Field measurements using instrumented cars were used for the validation of this model. The model allows investigation of the influence of different operational parameters on in-train forces.
This work has been developed as a joint collaboration between the Institute of Railway Technology (IRT) at Monash University (Melbourne, Australia) and Computational Mechanics Ltd.
The longitudinal dynamics of the train was simulated with the help of UM Train module. The model has only one degree of freedom. A chain of mass points which represent wagons are connected with force and damping elements that represent the draft gear. For the purpose of longitudinal train dynamics the following train resistance forces are considered: gravitational resistance, propulsion resistance (sum of rolling and air resistance forces) and curving resistance.
The results of the computer modeling were validated by comparing them with Instrumented Ore Car (IOC) field recordings. For this purpose, the in-train forces at four separate locations along the train were compared against experimental data obtained from instrumented drawbars. Wagon speeds at those same locations were also studied to check how closely they agreed with measured data. There was good agreement between simulation results and recorded data in terms of both magnitude and trend. The effect of different parameters such as characteristics of the draft gear, free slack in inter-car couplings and the velocity profile of the positioning system on in-train forces were also analyzed.
Rotary car dumper and positioner. The picture is taken from a Metso Minerals Industries leaflet. |
Computer model of long heavy haul train and car dumper in UM software |
Instrumented ore car by IRT |
Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4049469
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